Liquid Waste Management
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Kerala declared its rural areas ODF on November 01, 2016. As of now, 93 Local Self Governments (LSGs) or more than 90 per cent including all the six Municipal Corporations, have been declared and certified ODF by third-party verifications. The state of Kerala has a large number of households with their toilets. With household access to toilets and most connected to septic tanks, periodic emptying of septic tanks is essential. Hence, the State of Kerala has a strategy for effective liquid waste management which is as follows: Sewer network-based STPs are preferred in core sanitation zones in Urban areas with an option to co-treat septage received from fringe areas. STPs provide comprehensive solutions to manage black and grey water transported via sewer networks. FSTPs are preferred for faecal sludge in Rural Areas as laying of sewer network is cost-intensive and challenging due to terrain undulations and Greywater is to be managed by individual and community-level grey management facilities.
Vision
- Transform Kerala into a state 100% used water-managed State.
- Prevent pollution of and rejuvenate the State’s water bodies and thus to achieve “Thelineerozhukum Navakeralam”.
Objectives
- Providing access to safe sanitation systems.
- To promote appropriate management and disposal of wastewater.
- To promote treatment and reuse of wastewater.
- Rejuvenate water bodies and prevent their pollution by untreated sewage, septage, grey- water, untreated effluents from industries, commercial establishments, markets, health-care institutions, etc
- Provide modern, aspirational treatment systems for various Liquid Wastes generated, ensure efficient operations and maintenance and accountable services delivery
- Raise awareness of and mobilised participation and ownership of all communities and stakeholders, to work towards “Suchitwa Haritha Swasthya Keralam”
- Promote Entrepreneurship across the liquid waste management value-chain; build implementation capacities; and promote research and development across the public, private and non-Government sector institutions
- Maximum Recycling & Reuse of waste water
Policies & Guidelines
Safe disposal of used water and its components or end use in a scientific manner is the main goal of liquid waste management. It, therefore, requires a stepwise approach, beginning from systematic planning to ensuring availability of infrastructure and human resources for liquid waste management. For this to be sustainable, it must take into consideration the socio-economic aspects of the region also. The other Laws and Guidelines which needs to be followed are listed below
Acts
- The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
- The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
- Panchayat Raj Act, 1994
- Municipality Act, 1994
- Kerala Irrigation and Water Conservation (Amendment) Act, 2018
- Kerala Water Supply and Sewerage Act 1986
- Employment of Manual Scavengers and Construction of Dry Latrines (Prohibition) Act, 1993
- Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and their Rehabilitation Act, 2013
Rules
- Kerala Panchayat Building Rules (KPBR)
- Kerala Municipality Building Rules (KMBR)
Other Codes/Policy/Advisory Note/Manual
- BIS Code of Practice for Installation of Septic Tanks (IS:2470), 1985
- National Urban Sanitation Policy, 2008 (NUSP)
- Advisory Note—Septage Management in Urban India, 2013 by The Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD)
- CPHEEO Manual on Sewerage and Sewage Treatment, 2013
- National Policy on Faecal Sludge and Septage Management, 2017
